Coronary bypass surgery is typically recommended for individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD), a condition where the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients become narrowed or blocked due to the build-up of plaque. It involves creating new pathways for blood to flow, bypassing the obstructed or diseased arteries, and ensuring a more consistent blood supply to the heart.

It is considered for those who may experience:

• Severe Coronary Artery Blockages: When multiple coronary arteries are significantly narrowed or obstructed, reducing blood flow to the heart.
• Chest Pain (Angina): Individuals experiencing persistent or severe chest pain, particularly when medications or other interventions are insufficient in relieving symptoms.
• Heart Attack Recovery: For those who have suffered a heart attack, coronary bypass surgery may be recommended to restore blood flow and prevent future cardiac events.
• Failed Previous Interventions: In cases where previous interventions, such as angioplasty and stent placement, have not provided adequate relief or have resulted in complications.
• Multiple Coronary Artery Disease: Individuals with widespread coronary artery disease affecting multiple vessels may benefit from coronary bypass surgery to address multiple blockages simultaneously.

The procedure involves using blood vessels, often from the patient’s own body (commonly the chest, leg, or arm), as grafts to create detours around the blocked or narrowed arteries. By rerouting blood flow, coronary bypass surgery aims to enhance oxygen and nutrient delivery to the heart muscle, promoting improved cardiac function.